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In the past ten years, the textile industry has taken fabrics as a breakthrough, applied high-tech and advanced applicable technologies to transform traditional industries, and achieved good results, which has effectively promoted the technological progress and industrial level of the textile industry.
In the past ten years, the textile industry has taken fabrics as a breakthrough, applied high-tech and advanced applicable technologies to transform traditional industries, and achieved good results, which has effectively promoted the technological progress and industrial level of the textile industry. However, as the process of economic globalization continues to accelerate, the competition in the textile industry is also intensifying. China's textile industry must maintain its advantages in a more competitive environment. It must not only stay in the labor cost advantage and textile quantity advantage. The key is to further Improve the level of textile technology, rely on technological innovation to increase the technical content and added value of products, and enhance the competitiveness of China's textile industry in an all-round way.
To this end, the Textile Industry Science and Technology Development Center organized professional associations and relevant experts to analyze the current situation and existing problems of the industry, and proposed 25 key technologies in the four aspects of the textile industry that are urgently needed to be solved. The solution will greatly promote the technological progress and development of the industry.
I. Textile new materials and advanced processing technology New materials are one of the most important high-tech materials today. The application of new textile materials not only makes great changes in people's lives, but also promotes the rapid development of social economy. The development of international textile new materials mainly focuses on the research and development of high-performance fibers with excellent properties, functional fibers, new fibers that meet sustainable development and new materials.
High-performance fiber has high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, strong corrosion resistance and fire resistance. It is widely used in transportation, water conservancy, military, health, construction, communication, environmental protection and other fields.
Functional fiber has antistatic, flame retardant, high moisture absorption, antibacterial, deodorant, anti-ultraviolet and other characteristics, is the basis for the production of high value-added, high-grade textiles. The production of conventional chemical fiber products is based on high-capacity, high-efficiency, high-speed, continuous and network information monitoring, achieving efficient and low-cost production.
Industrial fiber will become an important raw material for the manufacturing industry in the future. Industrial fibers have been widely used as substitutes for metals, plastics, paper and asbestos. With the development of lightweight, high-performance, diversified and aesthetically pleasing industrial materials, industrial fibers are increasingly used, and market demand is expanding. For example, industrial fibers in the United States, Japan, and the European Union are The entire fiber production sector has accounted for 2/3 of the total. In the next 10 years, China's industrial fiber consumption and market trade will grow by more than 10% annually.
Specifically, we must develop the following 10 key technologies:
1. Carbon fiber, aramid, polysulfonamide, new generation of ultra-high strength and high modulus polyethylene and vinylon fiber industrialization research and development of carbon fiber, aramid and other fiber developed countries have already achieved industrialization, but China is still in the small, pilot stage, urgently Industrial development and application. For the domestic sulfonamide which has a certain development foundation, it should be invested in development to form an industrialized production line with an annual output of 500 tons. Fibers such as polybenzobisoxazole (PBO), which have excellent performance and wide application, should be pre-study and made into technical reserves. At the same time, it is necessary to deepen research on the application technologies of the new generation of ultra-high-strength high-membrane polyethylene and K-series vinylon, which have already been based in China, to improve product levels and achieve industrial upgrading.
2. The new polyester diversified technology varieties PTT, PEN, CO-PET and other industrialized R&D have entered the new century. The world's new polyester technology has developed very rapidly. The industrialization of multi-new and new varieties of polyester family represented by PTT Significant progress has also been made in development. PTT (polytrimethylene terephthalate) dyes well, elastic, crisp, dry, easy to process, strong stain resistance, and has the characteristics of polyester, nylon and some spandex fibers, not only for fabrics, carpets, nonwovens It can also be used in new resin materials such as film and plastic, and has broad development prospects; PEN (polyethylene glycol diethylene glycol) has good transparency and barrier properties, which is conducive to the expansion of polyester in high-performance non-fibrous fields such as beer bottles; CO-PET is mainly used for the production of sea-island fiber, and it is a key species that needs to be prioritized in the development of modified PET.
3. Degradable PLA (polylactic acid fiber) and Lyocell (new solvent method cellulose fiber) fiber and product industrialization research and development
LA is a kind of fully biodegradable polymer. It is a new type of fiber material developed based on natural biological resources such as corn starch. It has the advantages of luster, comfort, durability, smoothness and quick drying. Its superior biodegradability and applicability have attracted worldwide attention, and the United States, Europe, Japan and Taiwan are all doing industrial research. Loycell is a new generation of cellulose fiber produced by a new solvent and non-toxic process. It has the performance of man-made fiber and synthetic fiber. There have been many achievements in product application and development in China, but it is urgently needed to develop in fiber industrialization.
4. Soy protein series fiber and product development technology Soy protein fiber is a plant protein modified fiber that has been independently researched and developed in China and successfully obtained industrial test for the first time in the world. The fiber not only has moderate strength, small specific gravity, soft hand feeling, soft gloss, excellent moisture absorption and moisture permeability, good skin-friendly property, obvious antibacterial function, and meets the requirements of comfort and health. At present, China has built a 10,000-ton soybean protein fiber processing production line, and further develops soybean protein fiber products to improve the automation control level of the equipment. At the same time, it is necessary to systematically study the key technologies of soybean protein fiber spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing. The development of pure textile, blended, interwoven and other fabrics, so that the industrialization of soybean protein fiber products into a new stage.
5. New PTA complete sets of localized technology and equipment with an annual output of 600,000 tons and above At present, China's polyester raw material PTA has a large gap, low self-sufficiency rate, and excessive dependence on the international market, which seriously restricts the production and development of polyester fiber. Due to the high technical content of the PTA plant, large capital investment, and emphasis on economies of scale, the domestic PTA production facilities have long been imported from abroad. Therefore, the industrialization research of the new PTA complete sets of localized technical equipment with an annual output of 600,000 tons and above is of great significance. The technology has a certain foundation. After successful implementation, not only the investment cost can be greatly reduced, but also it is of great significance to promote the leading development of China's PTA industry, ease the raw material gap, and improve the competitiveness of the polyester polyester industry chain.
6. The successful operation of a new generation of straight-spun polyester super-slim yarn and high-efficiency new winder development and industrialized domestically-grafted polyester filament technology, greatly promote the rapid development of China's chemical fiber industry, but internationally around polyester filament new The technology development of technology, new equipment and new varieties is very rapid, and it is necessary to seize the latest international technology and accelerate industrial upgrading without losing the opportunity. At present, it is important to develop a new generation of technologies such as dpf0.3~0.5 ultrafine fiber process and new high-speed and high-efficiency winding device.
7. Processing technology and application of high-grade composite non-woven fabrics China's non-woven fabric industry is developing very rapidly. It is expected to reach 800,000 tons in 2003, among which spunbond, meltblown, hydroentangled, acupuncture, pulp and airflow The development speed is very fast. However, the single-process nonwoven fabric can not fully meet the requirements of use, and various process composites make up for the shortcomings, creating many new types of nonwoven products. There are many ways of compounding between nonwoven fabrics, such as spunbond-meltblown-spunbond (SMS), carded-spinning-spinning-carding (CSC), carding-melt-blown-carding (CMC), carded into a net and pulp air-laid with water-spun composite, spunbond and wood pulp fiber composite. China has just started in the field of non-woven fabric composite technology, so we must speed up the research of this technology.
8. Comprehensive research and development of new medical protective materials The new medical textile market has broad prospects. The current annual demand is more than 100,000 tons, but the domestic medical protective products have poor comprehensive performance, especially the protective performance and comfort performance can not be very good. At the same time, the comprehensive performance of imported products is good, but the price is expensive.
To this end, it is necessary to develop protective materials with high barrier properties, high moisture permeability, good filtration effect and low cost to solve the protection problems of medical and health systems in China.
9. Development and application technology of membrane structural materials and new cover materials. Membrane structural materials and new cover materials are new materials that have developed rapidly in foreign countries in recent years. The material has good light transmittance and can solve the problem of lighting. The light weight of the material can replace the traditional roof material, especially suitable for the construction of stadiums and warehouses of large-span buildings, and can also be widely used in geotechnical, transportation, environmental protection, advertising and other industries. At present, the domestic demand is increasing. It is expected that the demand for membrane structural materials will exceed 1 million m 2 , and the demand for new canopy materials will be 10 million m 2 , while the domestic permanent and semi-permanent membrane structural materials are basically dependent on imports. Domestic research on membrane structural material substrates, coating and finishing process equipment, and architectural design and application technologies to meet domestic demand and replace imports.
10. Development and application technology of agricultural non-woven fabrics and chemical fiber nets Agricultural non-woven fabrics and agricultural chemical fiber nets are important industrial textiles with broad market prospects, with an annual demand of more than 100,000 tons.
Agricultural non-woven fabrics mainly include cold-proof and anti-freezing materials, sun-proof and drought-proof materials, anti-bird and insect-proof materials, grass-proof membranes, heat-insulating and moisturizing materials, fruit tree protection materials, seedlings and seeding substrates, etc., which can realize the early maturity, high yield, stable yield and no production of agricultural and sideline products. Pollution, pollution-free planting. It can completely replace agricultural film, plastic and other materials, and has superior performance and high cost performance.
Agricultural chemical fiber nets mainly include sunshade nets, insect nets and windproof sand fixing nets. The newly developed silver reflective net can effectively reflect strong sunlight, reduce the temperature by 2-3 °C, which is beneficial to plant growth, and can effectively prevent adult insects from invading and spawning, so that vegetables, fruits and flowers can be free from chemical pesticides. . At present, the price factor restricts the promotion and application of new products, and further studies on industrial production technology to reduce costs and expand use.
Second, advanced spinning, weaving, dyeing and finishing technology, the main means of transforming the traditional textile industry with high technology is research