The jade market is getting bigger and bigger, and Hetian jade, which is known as the "King of the Jade", has become a "crazy stone", and the price has skyrocketed in just a few years. In 2002, Hetian Baiyu was still priced at more than 30,000 yuan per kilogram. By 2008, ordinary babies had reached about 200,000 yuan per kilogram. The domestic auction market has repeatedly exploded sky-high prices: in Beijing, a piece of 130 kilograms of Hetian Yangzhiyu was sold for 49.5 million yuan; in Hangzhou, a 78-kilogram Hetian jade material was sold for 53 million yuan... It stands to reason that seeing such a prosperous Hetian jade market, Aiyu people should have fun in their hearts, but Chinese jade carving master Ma Xuewu is not happy. From this seemingly prosperous market, he sees the crisis. . This "Hetian jade" is not the "Hetian jade". Many people who came to Xinjiang and Hetian jade are like Yang Li. They think that Hetian jade should be the jade produced in Hetian, Xinjiang. The use of jade produced in other places as Hetian jade is intended to deceive consumers. The definition of "Hetian jade" is how the "Hetian jade" that was expanded has been written into the national standard and is the result of our efforts. We hope that this name will play a positive role in the popularity of Hetian jade and brand promotion." Xinjiang Yi Shuangting, secretary general of the Jewelry and Jade Jewelry Industry Association, said. But the next developments made him and everyone unpredictable - Liu Jun, the owner of the jade shop, kept licking the color of the oily and fat sheep's hand. "No matter what the national standard says, I think that only the fat jade produced in the Yulong Kashi River can be called Hetian jade." The definition of jade is even narrower. But when it was introduced to the customer, it was different. The national standard became his shield. The "Hita Yu" of the various places under the instrument is indistinguishable. Although the jade placed in the counters of many jade shops in Xinjiang is more than "Hetian jade", the operators know that these so-called "Hetian jade" are not many. From "Hetian". “Since sensory indicators can distinguish between them, why are the standards only test their similarities – the content of tremolite, without testing their differences, ie 1 in addition to 90% to 99% of tremolite What is % to 9%? Perhaps it is this small gap that can solve the problem of distinguishing the different points of the three jade, thus protecting Hetian jade.†Ma Jingui, the master of Chinese jade carving and general manager of Yuxi jewelry, questioned. Glitter Shorts,Sequin Hot Pants,Gold Sequin Shorts,Black Sequin Shorts Fan Fashion Garments CO,LTD , https://www.viatwinkle.com
The Olympic medals are inlaid with jade, which is to increase the heat of jade, and Hetian jade is the first choice for people to chase. Some savvy merchants hide the good stuff in the bag, waiting for the price to soar again.
The concept of "Hetian jade" is vague and is causing confusion in the Hetian jade market.
Yang Li, who worked in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, traveled to Xinjiang in the Golden Week in October last year. When she left, the two sisters deliberately forgot to bring Hetian jade in Xinjiang.
In a jade shop in Urumqi, she bought three jade bracelets with the appendix of "Hetian jade" at a price of 40% off and 5,000 yuan each, and gave them to the sisters with joy. I know my friend has a little research on jade. I stared at the bracelet carefully for a long time. At the end, I broke the sentence. "This is Qinghai material, not Hetian jade!"
However, Liu Jun, the owner of the jade shop, yelled. He believes that the jade in his store marked Hetian jade is not produced in Xinjiang Hetian, but it is also “Hetian jade†and does not deceive consumers.
"The concept of 'Hetian jade' is vague, resulting in chaos in Hetian jade market. The cultural brand of Hetian jade in Xinjiang has been seriously damaged!" For the future development of Hetian jade, the jade carving master Ma Xuewu is worried.
All of this is due to the implementation of the "new national standard." In the "National Standards for Jewelry and Jade" promulgated in November 2003, "Hetian jade" unified all the minerals of the tremolite, which has become a general term and has no meaning of origin.
Yi Shuangting explained that the national standards for jewellery and jade stipulate that the place of origin does not participate in the name: the name with the place name does not have the meaning of origin. That is to say, the names "Hetian jade", "Yuyu" and "Dushan jade" do not specifically refer to the jade varieties of a certain origin. However, the name of the place of origin is the habit of the industry. "Hetian jade" has been widely accepted by the public since ancient times, and has now evolved into the name of the variety of natural jade. This regulation guarantees the uniformity of the naming of national jewelry products. The jade market is of great significance.
Yi Shuangting, who has been engaged in Hetian jade research for more than 40 years, once wrote the national standard for "Hetian jade". After all, his efforts for many years have yielded results. In the past three years, the name of "Hetian jade" has not only been widely known to the Chinese people, but also loved by international friends of other nationalities and skin colors. The "home baby" that has been passed down for thousands of years has become "international treasure."
A large number of Qinghai white jade and Russian jade entered the market. Since the national standard does not indicate the origin, the appraisal certificate will mark the jade containing tremolite as “Hetian jadeâ€.
He pointed to the jade ornaments in the glass counters with different shapes and exquisite carvings. "These are Russian jade and Qinghai jade. Customers come to pick jade. We also introduce them to the local Hetian jade. Sometimes there are Very few complaints said that I bought Qinghaiyu, and we told him the national standard, which is not deceiving consumers."
“The concept of Hetian jade has been expanded, but the connotation has been greatly reduced!†said Chen Jun, a jade merchant who only manages Hetian jade raw materials and its carvings, and Hetian jade collector. Since ancient times, Hetian Yangzhiyu has been favored by emperors. It is because its jade is warm and oily, high quality, rare (only produced in the Hetian Yulong Kashi River and the Karakash River), and the geological name will reduce the rarity and cultural brand of Xinjiang Hetian jade.
But they would rather believe that these are "Hetian jade", because only the name "Hetian jade" can be sold at a good price, because most customers are coming to "Hetian jade".
"After a few years of jade, people can basically distinguish 'Hetian jade' and other jade, it is indeed unique." An operator who has been dealing with jade for many years said.
Ma Xuewu, a jade carving master who has been in the jade carving industry for 36 years, vividly describes the sensory differences between the three jade stones from Hetian, Russia and Qinghai:
“Xinjiang Hetian Ziyu is like the sheep's tail oil of the white flower that has just been cut off from the sheep. It is warm and oily. The sheep's tail oil is put into the plate for three days, and the color is pure white, but it is dead and dull, just like Russian white jade; and Qinghai white jade is like de-greased sheep tail oil, the oil is drained, water-based, transparent like glass and gray."
“We also tried to use the physical standards to standardize the appraisal standards.†In the office of the Xinjiang Jewelry and Jewelry Industry Association, Li Zechang, the executive vice president, carefully took out a beautifully framed box, which was a physical sample they produced for the project in 2003. It is divided into three categories, namely white jade, white jade, sapphire and jasper. The sample can be used to identify all merchants and consumers with the goods in comparison with the real objects.
“The white jade or green white jade collected in different counties, different hills and even different mines in the three southern states of the mineral resources will be different. How can this template be persuasive? The standard must be a ruler.†Xinjiang The person in charge of the Policy and Regulation Department of the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau said.
The sample can only be hidden in the snow. At present, the new grading standard is under study. "We usually have eight general jade stones such as white jade, white jade, sapphire, jasper, etc., and the nephrite has been abolished, except for Hetian jade. To be more suitable, this name is easier to understand than the trembling stone jade that was once used. Actually under the instrument, Xinjiang Hetian jade, Russian jade, and Qinghai are all tremolite, the same composition, the origin can not be identified. In the eyes of geological people, no matter where they are produced, they are only stones. The concept of culture is only given to them by people." Li Xinling, director of the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Xinjiang, who participated in the formulation of the new national standard, said.
In the Xinjiang Gemstone Appraisal Center, consumers complain every year because they did not buy the real Hetian jade in their minds. Li Xinling, in order to guide consumers to recognize the standards and avoid disputes caused by unclear origin, the local standards of the autonomous regions revised this year. In the certificate, it will be indicated on each certificate - the name does not represent the place of origin.
"Jade Road" is far ahead of the "Silk Road"
Some reporters visited several stores in the “Hetian Hetian Trade Center†in Nanmen. The operators here will tell consumers which products are the materials. “Since consumers love Xinjiang’s local Hetian jade, we will To give them the right to know, our operators will also tell consumers the same difference in the three kinds of jade, let them make their own choices."
"At this point, we believe that protecting the Hetian jade brand is the best inheritance!" said Ma Guoxin, the investment manager of the Xinjiang Hetianyu Trading Center. In order to regulate the market, the trading center stipulates that all merchants must sell at least 40% off. This limits the behavior of some merchants with high prices.
"In the past few years when the new standard was implemented, the price of Russian materials has increased by more than ten times, and Qinghai has also grown ten times. This is the light of Hetian jade!" In the Heilongjiang port, the Russian port - Manzhouli imported a few years of raw materials. Mr. Jiang has a deep understanding of this.
A place of origin standard, a quality standard, let this baby, commonly known as "stone", have such a huge gap in price, value attribute, price attribute, high and low?
In the jade shops in Xinjiang’s Friendship Road, 10 consumers were randomly surveyed. The question is “Do you value the aesthetics of the products or the origin of the jade materials?†The respondents value the product’s aesthetics by 20%. The proportion of jade materials is 80%, which means that many consumers who do not have knowledge of Hetian jade are buying the brand and fame of Hetian jade.
"Hetian jade bearing the Chinese civilization has not only referred to its mineral composition, but people who like the prosperous world like it, wear it, and collect it. What is more important is the profound, broad and distant cultural connotation of Hetian jade!" Ma Xuewu introduced. The time for the mining of jade in Russia was in the 1980s, and the mining of Qinghai jade was only a few years ago.
In 2006, Ma Xuewu established the “Hetian Jade Museum†at his own expense, and founded Hetian Jade Research Institute and Hetian Yuyu Carving Training School. He served as curator of Hetian jade museum, dean of Hetian jade research institute and president of Hetian jade carving training school. Engaged in Hetian jade's systematic research, cultural heritage and technical teaching. Its purpose is to make Hetian jade a unique national brand that can represent Xinjiang's long history and profound culture through the excavation, arrangement, display, teaching and dissemination of Hetian jade culture.
In the Hetian jade museum, a 7000-year spread of Hetian jade was clearly drawn on one wall: Hetian to the east to Henan Anyang, west to Baghdad in Iraq, south to Delhi, India, and north to In the North Court of Xinjiang (now Jimsar County, Xinjiang), research experts have found that the “Jade Road†is much earlier than the famous “Silk Roadâ€.
"This jade road is the transportation route of Hetian jade as a royal special jade in the dynasties. A large number of unearthed jade and words can be proved. The culture carried by Hetian jade is irreplaceable by anything else." Ma Xuewu said.
Yang Boda, former deputy dean of the Beijing Palace Museum, once said: Hetian jade mainly refers to jade produced in Heishan and Yulong Kashi River in Hetian, Xinjiang, but now many merchants pretend to be Hetian in Qinghai and Russian jade, which have great price differences. Jade sales, the name of the place does not match, seriously affecting the reputation and marketing of Hetian jade.
Hetian jade protects the difficult situation Qinghai Province will hold the "Hetian jade Expo", and many members of the Jewelry and Jade Association of Xinjiang have received invitations. This has put tremendous pressure on the fans of Hetian jade in Xinjiang and the people who advocate the protection of Hetian jade.
"Protection is the best inheritance, and we are very clear, but according to the conditions of the existing "Geographical Mark Product Protection" in the country, Hetian jade does not conform to it." Yi Shuangting said that this matter is not without regret.
According to reports, as early as 2003, the Hetian area, the Kashgar area and the Bayingoyu Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang tribes have realized that Hetian jade should be protected and jointly applied for protection. Therefore, it is proposed to declare the geographical indications to the AQSIQ. Product Protection.
However, the problem has arisen again. The protection of the origin of "Hetian jade" does not conform to the meaning of the protection products of geographical indications. In 2005, the “Regulations on the Protection of Geographical Indication Products†promulgated by the State replaced the provisions on the protection of origin. The GI products mentioned in the Regulations require that the first one is the planting and breeding products from the region; the other is that the raw materials are all from the region or some other regions, and the products produced and processed according to the specific process in the region.
Obviously: Hetian jade is not a product for planting and breeding, and the processing is also heavily dependent on the mainland, so the protection is grounded. "There was no such thing as a gemstone in the world that adopted the method of protection of origin," said Yue Yunhui, director of the geological and jade identification center of the autonomous region.
"Is there a gem in the world that can have such a cultural heritage as Hetian jade?" Ma Jingui, the master of jade carving, talked about the protection of Hetian jade. He also pointed out that Hetian jade does not meet the requirements of Article 1, but the second article At present, there are at least a thousand jade carving practitioners in Xinjiang. It cannot be said that Hetian jade has no local processing, not to mention Hetian jade as an irreplaceable cultural product. Its history is far from any country. It is not appropriate for organizations to apply these standards bluntly.